SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH PNEUMONIA AMONG CHILDREN BELOW FIVE YEARS AT LYANTONDE HOSPITAL, LYANTONDE DISTRICT. A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.
Keywords:
Socio-demographic and Environmental factors, Pneumonia among children under five years, Lyantonde District.Abstract
Background:
Pneumonia remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children under the age of five globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Despite advancements in healthcare, the burden of pneumonia among children persists due to various socio-demographic and environmental factors that influence its occurrence and severity. This study aimed to assess the Socio-demographic and Environmental factors associated with pneumonia among children below five years at Lyantonde Hospital, Lyantonde District.
Methodology
The study adopted a cross-sectional descriptive design employing quantitative methods of data collection which involved a self-administered questionnaire to collect data from a sample of 30 mothers who were sampled using a simple random sampling method. Data was collected from respondents after seeking consent from them analyzed and entered manually into the computer using Microsoft Excel Office programs 2016 which presented it in the form of tables, graphics, and pie-charts.
Results
The findings showed that the majority 26 (86.7%) were from rural areas, 28(93.3%) used firewood when cooking,13(43.3%) stated that they deliver from home and 18(60%) did not practice exclusive breastfeeding. 20(66.7%) did not smoke tobacco at home, 27(90%) never had a well-ventilated shelter and 17(56.7%) mentioned that there were 6 to 10 people in the home environment.
Conclusion
The socio-demographic factors that were found to be associated with pneumonia include young maternal age, rural residence, and low education level. Environmental factors such as exposure to bad smoke and poor ventilation were also associated with pneumonia.
Recommendation
The Ministry of Health should Increase awareness about pneumonia and its prevention strategies among communities through health education programs and media campaigns.
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